Action blur is a technique in where you take a photo of a moving object, and creates a streaking effect. For motion blur the whole point of the image is for the action to be caught but the background to be blurred. This is usually achieved by using the slower shutter speeds on your camera. Aperture, ISO, and Shutter Speed all have a role in being able to get this photo right. they work together to control the amount of exposure that the camera gets.
Action Sharp is a technique used to capture an object or person doing something and catch this action very clear with no blur. You have to start with your ISO because this will produce the highest quality image. You also need to have a fast enough shutter speed in order to catch the movement. The camera also needs to be really steady in order to take this photo and it not come out blurred. Lastly you need your subject to be focused on carefully for your photo to be sharp.